Ray Bradburyrs Fahrenheit 451 and Censorship - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2698 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/05/29 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Censorship Essay Fahrenheit 451 Essay Ray Bradbury Essay Did you like this example? In Ray Bradburyrs Fahrenheit 451, people live in a society full of censorship. It is about a future where all books are burned because the people decided that knowledge brings pain. In the first hard cover edition, Neil Gaiman wrote the Introduction (April 2013) for Fahrenheit 451 (xi). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Ray Bradburyrs Fahrenheit 451 and Censorship" essay for you Create order He stated the following: This is a book of warning. It is a reminder that what we have is valuable, and that sometimes we take what we value for granted. Censorship is a tool used today by governments across the world to control and stop those who say or write anything that challenges the governmentrs assumptions. Freedom of speech allows people to be heard, no matter how the majority objects, the capacity to express themselves without fear of punishment. In the United States the Founding Fathers felt so strongly about this issue that they made freedom of speech the first of the Amendments to the Constitution. In Ray Bradburyrs Fahrenheit 451 and in the world today, censorship works on the perception that some ideas are dangerous and must be stopped; however, the ideal is to have the decision left to the individual and not the government. To begin there are different ways to ban books. Most governments have a review process that controls what books people read or what online content they access. In an article written in Censorship.Laws.com, censorship in America is defined as the act of altering, adjusting, editing, or banning of any or all media resulting from the presumption that its content is perceived to be objectionable, incendiary, illicit, or immoral by the Federal Government of the United States. Censorship is seen in various areas of life like politics, the internet, media, the news, and religion to name a few. The freedom to read is necessary to the way of life in free countries yet today that freedom is under attack. Private groups and public authorities throughout the world are working to remove certain books from public schools and silence magazines and newspapers when the government feels the information is not in support of the governmentrs ideology. Exclusion of reading materials prevents people with inquiring minds from seeking the truth, stretching their mental stimulation, and becoming critical thinkers. In ThoughtCo.com, an article was written on August 4, 2018 about how schools can ban books without lengthy procedures by choosing not to order the books in the first place. The article stated that because of witchcraft themes one elementary school in Florida will not stock two of the Harry Potter books by J.K. Rowling. In the article, the Principal explained they did not buy these books because they expected complaints if the children read these books. The article cites that Mark Twainrs Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is fourth on the list of 50 books banned in the United States because of the use of the use of a racial slur (N-word). The other 49 books banned in the United States are posted in The New York Times. Academic freedom in the United States is enjoyed to some degree of protection under the First Amendment, which is an essential element of a democratic s ociety. For example, in 1957 in Sweezy v. New Hampshire, the Court declared: The essentiality of freedom in the community of American universities is almost self-evident. No one should underestimate the vital role in a democracy that is played by those who guide and train our youth. To impose any strait jacket upon the intellectual leaders in our colleges and universities would imperil the future of our Nation. Teachers and students must always remain free to inquire, to study and to evaluate, to gain new maturity and understanding; otherwise, our civilization will stagnate and die. In an article written in the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE) in June 2016, it stated that colleges and universities needed to be protected by the First Amendment to allow teachers the academic freedom to address their students questions, the study of materials and sources, and teaching. It further stated that there needed to be engaged discussions between teachers and students without the government discouraging or stopping them. In another article written by The New York Times on October 1, 2018 it was reported that since 2014 the government of Kuwait has banned over 4,000 books which included books that had once been considered untouchable. The article stated that citizens were displeased and organized demonstrations in response to the governmentrs action. It appears in Kuwait that no book is safe from being banned by the government. Recent books targeted for censorship in Kuwait include an encyclopedia with a picture of Michelangelors David and a Disney version of The Little Mermaid. According to the article the books were banned because David had no fig leaf, and the mermaid, wore half a bikini. This was considered promiscuous. In an article written by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) on September 24, 2018 it was reported that China shut down thousands of websites and online accounts due to content that was considered harmful for the people because the online material was spreading improper values, vulgarity or obscenity. In Bradburyrs Fahrenheit 451 (79), Faber explained to Montag that books like the Bible were important because they had quality, texture, pores and features. Faber further explained that the more pores a book has, the more truthfully recorded details of life can get on paper and that makes people become literary and tells Monta g that is the reason why books are hated and feared. Thomas Jefferson was quoted as saying Censorship represents a tyranny over the mind and is harmful wherever it occurs. Next, some governments try to drive peoplers thoughts and beliefs and prevent free press. In an article written in The Huffington Post on April 25, 2017, North Korea is one of the most heavily censored countries in the world. North Korears leader, Kim Jong Un has complete control in of the information that is communicated to the public. The media in this country is owned solely by the government and the official Central Korean News Agency conveys the opinions of the government. In the U.S. Department of Staters website, it notes there are no independent media in North Korea and no deviation from the official government line is tolerated. The government does not allow any editorial freedom and all stories are centrally directed and reviewed to ensure that they are in line with the governmentrs ideology. The government also controls its citizens academic and cultural content and does do not allow them to listen to foreign media broadcasts. The government takes steps to block rad io broadcasts outside of North Korea and modifies television and radio equipment to prevent users from accessing foreign material and other material deemed illegal by the government. Individuals accused of viewing foreign films are reportedly subject to imprisonment or even execution. The North Korean government imposes harsh punishments for anyone accused of accessing uncensored information or sharing news from countries that it considers its enemies. This is because the North Korean government wants its citizens to be blind and does not want its citizens to be offered alternative knowledge to the narrative the government has given them. In a CNN article dated December 29, 2016 it reported that news rarely leaks from North Koreas authoritarian state; however, stories of Kims brutal executions have sometimes filtered out over the past five years. It was cited that Kim Jong Un came to power in 2011 and since then he has ordered 340 people be executed to tighten his hold on power. In Bradburyrs Fahrenheit 451 (80), Faber tells Montag that the television is real, and it tells people what to think, with messages rushing in quickly with their conclusions that people do not have time to protest. North Korea is strictly controlled by the state to the point where citizens are unable or nearly unable to get their hands on books or other forms of art produced outside the country. This is because the North Korean government does not want its citizens to be offered alternative knowledge to the account the government has given them. In Bradburyrs Fahrenheit 451 (102), Captain Beatty quotes Alexander Pope: A little learning is a dangerous thing. Drink deep or taste not the Pierian spring; There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain and drinking largely sobers us again. The government in Fahrenheit 451 does not want people asking questions because then the people will have knowledge and become unhappy. Instead they want people who are happy and are not deep thinkers. That is why the government wanted to destroy books to prevent further knowledge and, therefore, questions. The government does not want one person to have more knowledge than the next person. Beatty also told Montag (55): We must all be alike. Not everyone born free and equal, as the Constitution says, but everyone made equal. Each man the image of every other, then all are happy for there are no mountains to make them cower, to judge themselves against. In other words, when people begin to learn, it makes them thirsty for more information and they become more aware in the process. Lastly, Thomas Jefferson was quoted as saying Our liberty depends on the freedom of press, and that cannot be limited without being lost. Most recently a journalist for the Washington Post was murdered for speaking out against the Saudi government and a CNN journalistrs White House press pass was taken from him because he asked questions that the President of the United States deemed inappropriate. Protect Democracy and the Yale Law School Media Freedom of Information and Access Clinic are representing PEN America, a leading organization of writers and literary professionals, in a lawsuit against President Trump for violating the First Amendment rights of journalists by using government powers to punish the speech of his media critics. PEN alleges that President Trump has used, or threatened to use, the regulatory and enforcement powers of government to punish the speech of journalists in at least four ways: initiating a government review to raise postal rates; directing DOJ enfo rcement actions; interfering with White House press access; and threatening to revoke broadcast licenses. In Bradburyrs Fahrenheit 451 (58), Captain Beatty tells Montag: If you dont want a man unhappy politically, dont give him two sides to a question to worry him; give him one. Better yet, give him none. Let him forget there is such a thing as war. He further says: Cram them full of non-combustible data, chock them so damned full of ?facts they feel stuffed, but absolutely ?brilliant with information. Beatty told Montag (59) to remember that they stood against the small tide of those who want to make everyone unhappy with conflicting theory and thought. Ray Bradbury wrote Fahrenheit 451 during the McCarthy era, during which thousands of Americans were investigated for having Communist sympathies. Like the story line in Fahrenheit 451, neighbors and coworkers were encouraged to report on each other, and nothing more than a suspicion was often enough to begin an investigation. People were encouraged to testify against one another and the accused experienced loss of work, career loss and some even killed themselves. Bradbury vehemently denied that he was satirically commenting on McCarthy or government censorship. Instead, Bradbury insisted the book was written at the beginning of the television age and was a tale to warn society of how they could well reach to television as a sort of drug. Fahrenheit 451, Bradbury said, was a depiction of a society willfully dumbing itself down by staring at screens, stuffing its collective consciousness with useless factoids, empty ideas and throwaway reality. Bradburyrs thoughts were several d ecades before todayrs reality TV and celebrity driven media. Bradbury wrote about a future where technology drove people to block themselves from the world around them, disconnected from each other, and no longer valued books. Today you cannot go anywhere without observing people engrossed on their iPhones and not interacting with others or texting a person who is sitting across from or next to them. It is troubling that today there are television commercials having to remind parents to engage with their children by reading, talking and singing to them from a very early age to better prepare their kids for school instead of being engrossed on their phones or other media. Fahrenheit 451 argues in favor of literature and critical thinking and against censorship and blind conformity. In Fahrenheit 451 (168), it was noted that from a young age Bradbury was affected by accounts of the burning of the ancient library at Alexandria and the loss of many classical works that we now know only by title or through fragments of surviving parchment. Based on todayrs society Fahrenheit 451 Bradburyrs prediction of a world without actual books is not too far off. Government budget cuts have also resulted in less support for public libraries and online books now replace actual books you can touch. Bradbury experienced opposition since Fahrenheit 451 was published in 1953 so it is funny that a book about banned books experienced censorship. In the ThoughtCo.com article written on August 4, 2018 it talked about one of Bradburyrs plays that was sent to a university to be produced. The university had a concern that there were no female characters in the play. The u niversity did not state any issues with the content of the play or the fact that there was a reason it featured only men. The play was not produced and was in effect censored because it did not want to offend a certain group at the school: women. In closing, censorship has been around for a long time and was a thought that preceded the United States Constitution; hence, the First Amendment. Censorship silences peoplers opinions, ideas and forces moral and ethical values on society. Some people believe censorship is a violation of their First Amendment right and others believe censorship is needed to protect peoplers well-being in a world filled with violent and abusive behavior. All media needs to have checks and balances to ensure the information being published is accurate so that people, and not the government, can choose to be exposed to the appropriate awareness of society, and the world in general, as it really exists and not like the dystopian world of Fahrenheit 451. Works Cited Bradbury, Ray. Fahrenheit 451. New York: Simon Schuster, 1951, pp. xi, 55, 58, 59, 79, 80, 102, 168. Print. Bradbury Still Believes in the Heat of Fahrenheit 451. Seattle Times, March 12, 1993. https://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19930312slug=1689996 Chervokas, Jason and Watson, Tom. 50 Most Frequently Banned Books. New York Times, August 22, 1997. https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/cyber/nation/082297nation-list.html China shuts down 4,000 websites in purge on improper values. British Broadcasting Corporation, 24 September 2018. https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-45625278 Jerreat, Jessica. North Korean Censorship. Huffington Post, 04-25-2017. https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/north-korean-censorship_us_58fe78afe4b086ce58981445 Kelly, Melissa. Censorship and Book Banning in America. ThoughtCo, Aug. 4, 2018, https://www.thoughtco.com/censorship-and-book-banning-in-america-6414 Kwon, K. J., and Ben Westcott. Jong Un has Executed Over 300 People Since Coming to Power. CNN, December 29, 2016. https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/29/asia/kim-jong-un-executions/index.html Lankov, Andrei. North Korean Censorship Blinds Not Just the People, But Also Their Rulers. Radio Free Asia, 2016-03-14 https://www.rfa.org/english/commentaries/censorship-03142016145646.html Miller, Vanessa. 59 Years of Commemorating Academic Freedom: The Legacy of ?Sweezy v. New Hampshire. Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE), June 17, 2016. https://www.thefire.org/59-years-of-commemorating-academic-freedom-the-legacy-of-sweezy-v-new-hampshire/ Nordland, Rod. From Orwell to ?Little Mermaid, Kuwait Steps Up Book Banning. New York Times, October 1, 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/01/world/middleeast/kuwait-ban-books.html PEN America Sues President Trump for Violating Journalists First Amendment Rights. National Coalition Against Censorship. October 16, 2018. https://ncac.org/news/pen-america-sues-president-trump-for-violating-journalists-first-amendment-rights Review of Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury. Rhapsody in Books, May 20, 2009. https://rhapsodyinbooks.wordpress.com/2009/05/20/review-of-%E2%80%9Cfahrenheit-451%E2%80%9D-by-ray-bradbury/ Report on Human Rights Abuses or Censorship in North Korea. US Department of State, July 6, 2016. https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/259366.htm Thomas Jefferson Quotes on Censorship. AZ Quotes. https://www.azquotes.com/author/7392-Thomas_Jefferson/tag/censorship United States Supreme Court Sweezy v. New Hampshire, Decided June 17, 1957. Case Law.Find Law. https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/354/234.html Weller, Sam. Did Ray Bradbury do a 180 on ?Fahrenheit 451? Dallas News, April 12, 2013. https://www.dallasnews.com/arts/books/2018/11/08/20130412-sam-weller-ray-bradburys-180-on-fahrenheit-451 What you Didnt Know About Censorship in America. Censorsip.Laws.com. https://censorship.laws.com/censorship-in-america

The Treatment Of Breast Cancer - 1134 Words

Breast cancer affects so many women around the world. Even with the technology and medicine we have today to treat this deadly disease, the pain a patient experiences with breast cancer is still relentless. Pain comes from either progression of the disease or a side effect from treatment. In this article they talk about the role of the WHO’s three step analgesic ladder and how the administration of opioids for breast cancer patients experiencing pain effect ones psychological state and their quality of life. Since many patients experience negative side effects from opioids, there becomes a need to develop therapeutic modalities. Overall, the main purpose of the article was to focus on current treatments that provide pain management for†¦show more content†¦Unfortunately, many of these ways are through pain medications called non-opioid, weak opioid, and strong opioid. As the opioid gets stronger the higher the chance of intolerable side effect can occur. Side effects from different opioids are known to cause a decrease in the quality of life for a breast cancer patient. How does one choose a medication to deal with pain at different levels? The WHO’s ladder for relief of cancer pain was developed for this reason. In short, if you have minimal pain you will receive non-opioids. Once the non-opioids do not help and pain continues to increase, strong opioids will be administered. It’s a stepping ladder; each step in the progression of cancer has a certain medication to deal with that stage of pain. Because of the need for pharmacotherapy in breast cancer patients, the patient will undergo limitation. The patient can experience nausea and vomiting, gastric disturbances, renal dysfunction are common, as well as respiratory depression has been known to occur while on opioids. Patients need the pharmacotherapy to deal with pain and kill their cancer, but those opioids really affect a person’s essence of life. Luckily, there are also non-pharmacological therapies a patient can participate in. Yoga, acupuncture and musical therapy are great examples of these. In my opinion, the author didn’t have a perspective in this article. The purpose of this article was to bring attention to the

Denervation System Resistant Hypertension â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Denervation System Resistant Hypertension? Answer: Introducation The case study is based on the technological problem because in this case, the management decided to implement new technology and innovation to make its services more attractive and effective. Therefore, it also affects the culture of the organization. The implementation of new technology in the system creates hurdles and obstacles in the employees. They refuse for organizational changes and they do not adopt these changes. Thus, the organization faces many difficulties due to its technological changes. The technological issues are the main cause of resistance to change in the company. It also affects the success and growth of the organization. Further, structural issues also influence the activities and operation of the business. In this case, the structure of the company is not flexible, it is rigid and strict. Low productivity and inefficiency exist in the company. Therefore, the customers face many problems. The company does not delegate the proper rules and responsibilities to e mployees. Communication and coordination are other problems in the association. The company does not follow the proper system to provide training and development programs to employees. The workers feel that their contributions are not valued within the organization. So they do not feel comfortable and they get disappointed in the company. In the given case study, resistance to change is the major issue and it affects the global business of the organization. The working environment of the company is also not good due to its technological and structural problems. These problems create barriers in the environment (Thakur, Salangsang, Landman, Sellers, Pryer, Levesque Stuart, 2013). The main reasons of resistance to change in the organization The resistance to change is the major issue in every organization. The employees do not accept the changes in the organization and they refuse for the changes. In the given case study the employees do not accept the various changes in the organization. Thus, the organization faces many difficulties. The major sources of resistance to change are discussed below (Murrough, Iosifescu, Chang, Al Jurdi, Green, Perez Charney, 2013). The employees do not want any changes in the technology because they think that if the company makes changes in the technology then they will have to do extra work in the organization. Therefore, they think that they are not capable and competent to accept the new technology changes. The organization cannot measure the efficiency of employees due to resistance to change (Worthley, Tsioufis, Worthley, Sinhal, Chew, Meredith Papademetriou, 2013). Second, employees think that the new system creates stress, confusion, and misunderstandings in the organization. Although some workers understand the benefits of changes and innovation still they do not use new technology and innovation and they avoid changes in the management. Especially older employees think that changes in the organization will create doubt and stress. Thus, they do not accept the idea of using innovation and technology to support their function. Many employees are afraid and scared in front of new workers who have more potential and competent for using the new technology. Therefore, they resist to changes in the organization. Another reason of resistance to change is that unions do not explain the implementation process and procedure of new technology with employees. Thus, many employees are not being able to understand the benefits of new technology and innovation. Further, the organization does not provide the rewards and extra allowances to competent and potential employees. Therefore, they get disappointed and they resist to various changes. Lack of trust and coordination between employees and management is another reason of resistance to change in the association. The top management and supervisors do not provide training to employees to understand the new technology and process. Now it is assumed that majority of employees do not believe in changes in the corporation (Rafferty, Jimmieson Armenakis, 2013). Effective Strategies to deal with resistance to changes There are some strategies to reduce the resistance to change in the organization. They are discussed below. Firstly the organization should understand the problems and grievances of employees. It should resolve all these problems, conflicts and complaints of workers. The association should make an effective training and reward system to motivate and enhance the skills and knowledge of the workers (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). The managers should explain the pros and cons of new technology and innovation to employees. In this way, employees can know the benefits of new technology and innovation. The association should formally manage the resistance to changes and it should identify the cause and root of resistance to changes. The organization should communicate effectively for changes. The company should use effective and inclusive approaches to reduce the resistance to changes and the managers should empower and motivate the workers. The organization should explain the vision and mission of the company to employees. It will help to reduce the resistance to change (Richey Klein, 2014). The company should provide compensation and extra benefits to competent and potential employees for their excellent and effective performance and work. The organization should also address the employees concerns and anxieties. It should build and develop the changes by setting the goals, objectives and improving the performance of employees. It should provide the cross-cultural training to the employees for reducing the resistance to changes within the organization. All these strategies will help to reduce and address the resistance to change in the company (Loriot, Bianchini, Ileana, Sandhu, Patrikidou, Pezaro, Massard, 2013). Roles of leadership Leadership is the core financial of leading employees in an organization in order to meet the organizational goals and objectives. The leaders affect the behaviors of workers in several ways. A leader sets the goals and vision of the company and he motivates and guides the employees for doing effective work. A leader plays various roles in the organization. In the given case study, leaders play a significant and effective role to reduce the resistance to change. The roles of leadership are discussed below (Cummings Worley,2014). In the given case study, all the leaders perform their task and duties effectively to use the new technology in the organization. They motivate the employees to do work effectively and leaders also explain the benefits of changes in the organization. The organization set clear mission and vision through effective leadership (Hatch Cunliffe, 2013). In the case study, new technology and innovation are implemented by the organization. So leaders maintain cooperation and coordination among the various departments in order to achieve the goals and objectives. They support to new employees to understand the new system and technology within the organization. They resolve the conflicts and disputes of employees. In such way, they play an integral role in the association. In the given case study all level of management plays a significant role in the organization (Cummings Worley, 2014). The HR department appoints potential and competent employees in the association. Top management creates a healthy and safe working environment for the employees. In this case, management decided to update their services by implementing a new technology system in the organization. Therefore, the top management analyzes and identifies the appropriate technology providers and consultants to implement the technology and projects. On the other hand, superv isors focus on the activities of employees. They motivate the employees to accept the good changes in the organization. They explain that how new technology and innovation help to meet the goals and objectives of the company (Palmer, Dunford Akin, 2009). Now it is assumed supervisors, top management, consultants and HR departments play a vital role in the given case study. They control and reduce the resistance to change in the organization. Summary of the key problem In this case, resistance to change is the major key problem in the organization. It affects the organizational performance and development of the company. The organization faces many difficulties due to resistance to change. The employee's do not believe in the changes and they do not use the new technology within the organization. Many people do not believe in changes due to their inefficiencies and productivity. They do not want to work for extra hours so they resist to changes (Lozano, 2013). If the company maintains good and effective framework and structure within the organization then it can overcome these problems and key issues. The company should divide the work according to their department, skills, and knowledge to measure and enhance the productivity of employees. It should set the goals and objectives and maintain collaboration to improve and increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the employees. The organization should promote and encourage employees for doing work thus; it will enhance their productivity and efficiency (Aguinis, 2009). The organizational development plays a significant role to improve and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the employees. If the structure of the organization is relevant and effective then it will attract the more employees. Organizational development maintains effective communication system and it helps to increase the profit of the company. It is the proactive approach to enhance and increase the productivity an d efficiency of employees. Now it is assumed that organizational development plays a significant role to gain long-term profits and revenue of the company (Lozano, 2015). References Aguinis, H. (2009). Performance management. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. G. (2014).Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. G. (2014).Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Hatch, M. J., Cunliffe, A. L. (2013).Organization theory: modern, symbolic and postmodern perspectives. Oxford university press. Loriot, Y., Bianchini, D., Ileana, E., Sandhu, S., Patrikidou, A., Pezaro, C., ... Massard, C. (2013). Antitumour activity of abiraterone acetate against metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel and enzalutamide (MDV3100).Annals of oncology,24(7), 1807-1812. Lozano, R. (2013). Are companies planning their organisational changes for corporate sustainability? An analysis of three case studies on resistance to change and their strategies to overcome it.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,20(5), 275-295. Lozano, R. (2015). A holistic perspective on corporate sustainability drivers.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,22(1), 32-44. Murrough, J. W., Iosifescu, D. V., Chang, L. C., Al Jurdi, R. K., Green, C. E., Perez, A. M., ... Charney, D. S. (2013). Antidepressant efficacy of ketamine in treatment-resistant major depression: a two-site randomized controlled trial.American Journal of Psychiatry,170(10), 1134-1142. Palmer, I., Dunford, R., Akin, G. (2009).Managing organizational change: A multiple perspectives approach. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Rafferty, A. E., Jimmieson, N. L., Armenakis, A. A. (2013). Change readiness: A multilevel review.Journal of Accounting,39(1), 110-135. Richey, R. C., Klein, J. D. (2014).Design and development research: Methods, strategies, and issues. Routledge. Thakur, M. D., Salangsang, F., Landman, A. S., Sellers, W. R., Pryer, N. K., Levesque, M. P., ... Stuart, D. D. (2013). Modelling vemurafenib resistance in melanoma reveals a strategy to forestall drug resistance.Nature,494(7436), 251. Worthley, S. G., Tsioufis, C. P., Worthley, M. I., Sinhal, A., Chew, D. P., Meredith, I. T., ... Papademetriou, V. (2013). Safety and efficacy of a multi-electrode renal sympathetic denervation system in resistant hypertension: the EnligHTN I trial.European heart journal,34(28), 2132-2140.

Ppg Developing a Self Directed Work Force free essay sample

The workers union in a non-self-directed workforce gave them headaches. The workers were only allowed to perform one job task. It prevented them from working efficiently. If a machine broke, a worker would not be allowed to fix it themselves because that was against union policy. They would have to wait for a repair person to come over and fix it. The inefficiency and over-hiring of personnel cost too much money. PPG believed they would save money and become more efficient by implementing a self-directed work force. PPG 3 For the hiring process in Berea, the employees had to have certain characteristics. They needed to be fast learners. They had to know how to do everyone’s job. If they didn’t know, they had to be trained on the spot and learn how to do it immediately. They needed to be self-motivated. If someone was doing bad work, they would need to know how to fix it or immediately train the person doing the job wrong. We will write a custom essay sample on Ppg Developing a Self Directed Work Force or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page That goes along with good communication skills and good teaching abilities. They needed team players since people working would be working together all the time. If a problem came up, they would need to have good problem solving skills. Since there would be no middle management, organization skills and perfectionism were going to be important too. The assessment center definitely found employees that were faster learners, had good communication skills, and good teaching abilities. The first simulation was to read instructions so that tested fast learning, being perfect, and how organized they were. The second simulation tested training abilities and communication. The third test was to test team skills and look for natural leaders. It was somewhat effective, but I don’t think it was truly effective. Natural leaders that work together often clash for power so in a real work environment, I would think that they’re natural leadership mentality would conflict with other natural leaders hired. I also think it lacked in self-motivation because, it was an interview. Everyone is always motivated for an interview. Self-motivation is very difficult to test I would think. In an interview, they would be motivated to get a job so they would do well. In the real world, they already have a job so what would their motivation be? It’s different for everyone. In the second simulation, they purposely threw in a jackass in there to screw things up and test patience. That’s bad. Just like motivation, patience is very difficult to test. In an interview, I’m sure anyone would be patient in teaching. PPG 4 In the real work environment, I would assume that some people would act differently. Similar to the Hawthorne studies, since they knew they are being watched, they’ll be good at being a cooperative good teacher. There was a complaint from candidates that they were confused. They didn’t know what to expect. They got lost and thought it was part of the test. So there’s a chance that the simulations missed some people that would have been great for the system. It helped find the employees strengths they were looking for. At the same time, since it was a test, it hid some weaknesses. Underlying tensions of the system: Resentment between support workers and technicians. Since they’re pretty much doing the same thing, I would make them all technicians. In this scenario, a title is pretty important value if there were two types of workers. Especially if the coordinator eventually calls on technicians to see what’s going on if there is a problem. If there needs to be a change in title, there should be technician and senior technician. At least the technicians in this case would also be responsible for problem solving duties, thus giving him more responsibility, more opportunities, and possible intrinsic rewards. Since everyone is a technician, I bet they would have more of a team atmosphere. Everyone would be equally responsible for a project. Plus, everyone would have opportunities become senior technicians over time. This resentment is also partially due to the hiring process. If the supporters were really self-motivated, then they would consistently ask to be taught something they don’t know. PPG 5 Coordinators worrying about working themselves out of a job: Similar to Kerr’s motivation problem, Kerr had several examples where a motivation leads to a negative or oppositely intended action. They need to be assured that their job is secure. The plant has a finite size, so there will need to be a finite number of coordinators. Have that number be guaranteed so no coordinators will be let go. Make sure coordinators train a certain number of people every day/week/month. That’ll help them secure their job. Plus, get rewards for training. Let them know, there’s always room for improvement. There are an infinite number of projects that need to be coordinated all of the time. 360 degree evaluation process might work here. A 36 week job rotation: The solution to this problem is to increase more ergonomic equipment and supplies. They need ergonomic, chairs, stations, back braces, arm braces, wrist braces, leg braces and knee braces. They need to take more frequent breaks in between working hours. Proper stretching before working will help as well. Ergonomics training classes should be held to educate workers about repetitive motion sickness. Job rotation can then be increased back to 50 hours. Recognition and rewards, didn’t want to get praised. Praise and individual rewards should be given privately. Team rewards should be implemented. Promotions should be decided by a combination of seniority and possibly 360 degree evaluation. Maybe even by voting? Employees unhappy about shift rotations and company policy. More pay to people that work night shifts. Don’t delegate shifts. Let employees decide first. Seniority gets priority. Maybe change them on a yearly basis. PPG 6 Management can’t give company policy powers to the workers. Management needs to make those decisions and stick by them. If the employees make those types of decisions, the benefits might become outrageous. It sounds like they still need a union. A union that will let workers do multiple tasks and have more flexibility. Reward systems that can help PPG, skill based pay – based on skill. Get certified, get a raise. The more jobs mastered, the higher the pay. Broad banding – create bands. Each band has a pay scale and employees move laterally in the band. Band one – supporters, technicians Band two – coordinators, middle management Band three – upper management Concierge service – services in the company so that employees have less to worry about and can concentrate on their job. Provide massages during breaks, basketball court – play ball during breaks, gain-sharing – share company financial gain with employees.