Mass Incarceration in the United Kingdom Free Essays

our site †SOCIAL SCIENCE DISSERTATION †CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING Presentation The United Kingdom has as of late saw an expansion in the quantity of detainees imprisoned. The primary flood happened during Prime Minister Thatcher’s rule. Maintaining a jail turned into a business, when the primary secretly run establishment opened in the United Kingdom, in 1992 (Panchamia 2012). We will compose a custom article test on Mass Incarceration in the United Kingdom or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now The expanded requirement for spaces because of higher pace of detainment prompted the rise of the jail mechanical complex, whereby individuals were imprisoned without an instrument for reintegrating them back to the general public. Jails got contracted out, and the impact of the administration was diminished. As Panchamia (2012) finishes up, 10% of the penitentiaries in the United Kingdom and Wales are as of now contracted out. Davis (1998: 3) states: â€Å"while government-run detainment facilities are regularly in net infringement of worldwide human rights principles, private penitentiaries are even less accountable†. The development of these jail mechanical buildings is ascribed to the criminological hypothesis, depended on the contention hypothesis, contending that t there is a battle between various gatherings (Akers 1979: 527).Crime is seen as a component of the contention inside any general public dependent on Marxist hypothesis, calmingthat social and monetary circumstances encourage crimes. This paper contends that the rise of the jail mechanical complex in England and Wales was ascribed to mass detainment, the absence of powerful social arrangement, and early mediations. Mass Incarceration Mass detainment is portrayed by the expulsion of individuals from networks and bringing them to jails. (Newburn 2002: 165). Flashes and McNeill (2009) characterize mass imprisonment as limiting the opportunity of a gathering of individuals, exposing them to observation and guideline, while expanding their reliance. As indicated by an ongoing distribution by Wacquant (2001), the plain point of jail buildings and mass detainment is to isolate individuals. The creator goes further, and contrasts detainment facilities and Ghettos. Centering in the American setting, the article features the effect of class isolation on the socioeconomics of jail populace. The above contention is incredible, as the two detainment facilities and ghettos are viewed as spots amazingly difficult to escape from. The fundamental point of mass imprisonment is to expel the criminal from the area to guarantee that they are kept. Regularly this need implies that detainees are denied rehabilitative offices (Harnett 2 011: 7). As a ramifications, detainment facilities become territories for correctional isolation, for the crooks who must be expelled from the general public. In this manner, a large portion of these detainment facilities are confinement focuses where individuals enter a never-ending pattern of imprisonment for violations submitted in view of their monetary need. Davis (1998) states that penitentiaries are not giving sufficient answer for wrongdoing or social issues. The creator goes further, guaranteeing that jails mirror that racial inclination and social bad form of the general public. Considering American jail populace, the creator expresses that â€Å"the political economy of detainment facilities depends on racialized presumptions of guiltiness â€, for example, pictures of dark government assistance moms replicating criminal kids †and on supremacist rehearses in capture, conviction, and condemning patterns† (Davis 1998: 2). The characterizing highlights of mass detainment are that it is portrayed by relatively high number of individuals in jails. In Reagan’s United States indictment examples and conviction rates expanded the proportionate portrayal of African Americans and Hispanics, just as those from lower financial statuses (Wacquant 2010, p. 74). This was during the New Deal and Great Society, which contributed a ton towards the expanding pattern of mass imprisonments, and the appropriation of the jail mechanical complex framework that accentuated administration through corrective acts (Downes 2001, p. 62). At the approach of monetary changes presented by Britain’s Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, the increasing pace of joblessness hit the average workers the most. With the work showcase in crisis,urban regions needed to tolerate the weight of the high extent of lower class and jobless populace. As social issues expanded, the administration turned to the making of a jail modern complex, to manage the individuals that endured most (Wehr 2015, p. 6). The recently made jail mechanical complex that underscored mass detainment depended on social predisposition and social treachery (Sparks and McNeill, 2009). These organizations represented thee society’s contemplations and partiality, proposing that the corruption of an individual might be an approach to illuminate the social clash. Thus, the British society began to progressively depend on criminological speculations to help mass imprisonment of the lower classes, whereby the jail mechanical buildings become an enormous vent ure for the state. Vote based system, Inclusion and Social Policy It is important that mass imprisonment in England and Wales prompted the monetary and social avoidance of individuals inside the detainment facilities. This isolation and detainment jeopardized vote based system (Sparks and McNeill, 2009). In accordance with the contention criminological hypothesis, mass imprisonment of guilty parties who for the most part have a place with a specific race or class upgraded the structures of mistreatment and benefit (Van 2007, p. 189). This happened when mass detainment gave undue preferred position to one gathering rather than another. Today, both in the United States and the United Kingdom, it is clear that ethnic minorities or lower classes are disproportionally overrepresented inside the jail mechanical complex. While the mass jail complex made benefit to higher classes, it made a circumstance whereby the casualties were trashed, condemned, and didn't appreciate the benefits of majority rules system and incorporation. The monetary and social driv ers of mass detainment are clarified by Downes (2006), who affirms that there is a reverse connection between a state’s spending on government assistance and detainment rates. Mass detainment likewise thwarted majority rules system by forestalling implies through which individuals could share thoughts or correspondence (Young 2000, p. 208). An imprisoned individual experienced political debilitation and an absence of impact, power, while he turned out to be very reliant on the jail complex (Travis 2002, p. 19). Regardless of a few endeavors of incorporation, arrangement for recovery, preparing, and work openings, current social strategies have not been effective in restoring the equivalent portrayal of lower classes, and the mass imprisonment proceeds. (Reiman 2004, p. 5). End The above survey of distributions and examination contemplates, it is obvious that the contention hypothesis precisely clarifies the rise of mass imprisonment during the reign of Thatcher in the United Kingdom, and Reagan in the United States. Truly, the privileged, that was more advantaged socially, monetarily and politically made laws and arrangements that inexorably condemned the less ground-breaking, making an approach of isolation. Expanded detainment inside the jail mechanical complex expelled individuals who were not needed. Aside from upgrading avoidance and smothering vote based system, it helped the ground-breaking class to keep up its impact, riches and position inside the general public. List of sources Akers, R.L., 1979. Hypothesis and belief system in Marxist criminology. Criminology, 16(4), pp.527- Davis, A. (1998). Veiled prejudice: Reflections on the jail mechanical complex. Shading Lines, 1(2), 11-13. Downes, D., 2001. The Macho Penal Economy Mass Incarceration in the United States-A European Perspective. Discipline Society, 3(1), pp.61-80. Downes, D. (2006). Government assistance and discipline †The connection between government assistance spending and detainment. Hartnett, S. J. 2011. Testing the jail modern complex: activism, expressions, and instructive other options. Urbana, University of Illinois Press. Newburn, T. 2002. Atlantic intersections: ‘Policy transfer’ and wrongdoing control in the USA and England. Discipline Society, 4(2), pp. 165-194. Panchamia, N., 2012. Rivalry in detainment facilities. Establishment for Government, http://www. Instituteforgovernment. organization. uk/destinations/default/documents/distributions/Prisons, 2. Reiman, J. H. 2004. The rich get more extravagant and the poor get jail: belief system, class, and criminal equity. Boston, Pearson/Allyn and Bacon. Sparkles, R. furthermore, McNeill, F., 2009. Imprisonment, social control and human rights. THE INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL ON HUMAN RIGHTS POLICY Project on SocialControl and Human Rights Travis, J. 2002. Undetectable Punishment: An Instrument of Social Exclusion (From Invisible Discipline: The Collateral Consequences of Mass Imprisonment, P 15-36, 2002, Marc Mauer and Meda Chesney-Lind, eds.). Van der Linden, H. 2007. Popular government, prejudice and detainment facilities. Charlottesville, Va, Philosophy Documentation Center. Wacquant, L., 2010. Class, race hyperincarceration in revanchist America. Daedalus, 139(3), pp.74-90. Wacquant, L., 2001. Savage advantageous interaction: When ghetto and jail meet and work. Discipline Society, 3(1), pp.95-133. Wehr, K. 2015. Past the jail modern complex: wrongdoing and detainment in the 21st century. [Place of distribution not identified], Routledge. Youthful, I. M. 2000. Incorporation and Democracy. Oxford, Oxford University Press. Step by step instructions to refer to Mass Incarceration in the United Kingdom, Essay models

SWOT Analysis Management Theory and Practice

Question: Examine about the SWOT Analysis for Management Theory and Practice. Answer: Presentation: The methodologies of Marilyn Moor, the central data officer(CIO) and Paul Robinson, chief of drug store depend on the requirements of their own specialization. Marilyn needs to take arrangement considering the authoritative needs that is increasingly appropriate for the whole association on the useful and cost point of view angle while Robinson needs to address the issues of his own area of expertise (drug store) just as staff nurture that are required for the presentation of whole association. At the point when the arrangement of Marilyn is thought of, it gives a detailed robotization that could be done association insightful. This arrangement is cost advocated and totally confirmed. It offers response to all the worries of authoritative space joining dependent on SWOT examination which is generally required for an association before executing any new venture (Pestle, 2014). It gives required time for settling the prior implantation methodologies to turn out to be totally useful thus it turns into the cost advocated strategy that is equipped for expanding incomes of the association which may be required for the future execution. This arrangement has broke down the effect and futurity of choice (Gupta, 2006). It additionally underscore on a drawn out arranging approach which is vital for government assistance of the patient. The bad marks of this arrangement are the expanded timeframe required for arranging, buying and actualizing the arrangement. It is hard to get authorit ative acknowledgment to execute it. Undoubtedly, it is valued and acknowledged by the drug specialist and staff medical caretakers and additions their help totally. It likewise gives the arrangement at the soonest that may have clear beneficial outcome on the all out patient consideration which is the essential worry of LMH. Yet, it requires half of financial plan of the association that is allotted for the most required clinic practical tasks and patient consideration, which may imperil the development of the medical clinic activities. The execution of the savvy IV siphons will meet just the prerequisites of drug specialist and staff nurture however not different staffs. It has not thought about the immediate and aberrant costs (Tomey, 2004). The mechanization procedure associated with the incorporation of the new framework into the EMR might be confounded and additional tedious. It might make a culture in associations vision making departmental needs as generally significant. By dissecting the benefits and bad marks of the two methodologies, the methodology by Marilyn is by all accounts suitable as it gives the long haul and increasingly stable arrangement. It is as per the objectives and vision of association as well. It is completely cost advocated and guarantees a lasting methodology that is important for patients care. Then again, the drug specialist and staff medical attendants had the option to perform pleasantly with more established techniques. In light of the given situation, from the outset the go between (pioneer) should peruse and comprehend the hierarchical objectives (Prasad, 2009). The go between ought to consider the key planof an association before actualizing any departmental or hierarchical innovations.Both the methodologies ought to be assessed todetermine their incentive to the medical clinic association and patients.The approach that could be simple for buying, introducing and coordinating ought to be chosen. It is smarter to have numerous rounds of conversation with both the gatherings before actualizing. During conversation, an arbiter ought to be careful about the benefits and negative marks of the two methodologies. The primary capacity of a middle person is to play out the cost investigation for both the methodologies. Essentially a middle person ought to be fair and unbiased to the two gatherings and should apply a self-assured method of correspondence (Tomey, 2004). The arrangement ought to be introduced so that it is acknowledged by both the gatherings. The go between ought to perform spending plan (monetary) and measurable investigation that includes the estimation of the cost ramifications that is associated with anticipating the normal results of the two methodologies. A pioneer (middle person) should make cognizant and purposive creation by organizing with different divisions (Prasad, 2009, Potter, 2004). The middle person should survey the accessible assets including time, labor, and so forth for executing (Tomey, 2004). He/She should see the authoritative dangers and advantages of actualizing these arrangements and its effect on the hierarchical turn of events. It is the middle people duty to advance the conversations on both the ways to deal with long haul approach as opposed to momentary methodology. He/she should assist these gatherings with performing SWOT investigation before anticipating their methodologies (Pestle, 2014). All the methodologies will have the two benefits and bad marks yet the methodology with restricted bad marks that isn't influencing the total capacity of the emergency clinic association ought to be liked. The point of arbiter ought to be giving complete patient consideration with all methods however the spending plan of the medical clinic ought to be thought of and ought to give quality consideration inside this breaking point. These strategies ought to be polished before executing LMH. The middle person ought to likewise make the conversation gatherings to concentrate on the challenges experienced while utilizing EMR framework and examine the time required for balancing out LMH. Toward the end the primary job of m iddle person is to make both the gatherings to comprehend the benefits and bad marks of their answer. Reference Gupta, C. B. (2006). The executives hypothesis and practice. Ruler Chand Sons: New Delhi Pestle investigation. (2014). The SWOT Analysis: Defining your Organization Needs. Recovered from https://pestleanalysis.com/swot-investigation definition/ Potter Perry. (2004). Potter and Perrys Fundamentals of Nursing. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Prasad, L.M. (2009). Standards and Practice of Management. Ruler Chand Sons: New Delhi Tomey, A. M. (2004). Manual for nursing the executives and authority. Mosby: Elsevier. Bet, K Lee, F. (2013). Human services data frameworks: A down to earth approach for social insurance the board. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Alleged Florida Insurance Fraud Scammers Still On the Run - OppLoans

Alleged Florida Insurance Fraud Scammers Still On the Run - OppLoans Alleged Florida Insurance Fraud Scammers Still On the Run Alleged Florida Insurance Fraud Scammers Still On the RunInside Subprime: March 19, 2019By Grace AustinA former doctor and his sister alleged to have stolen tens of millions in an insurance fraud scheme throughout  Florida are still on the run after most of their suspected co-conspirators were arrested by state authorities.The fraud scheme, which netted almost $10 million before being shut down, was allegedly based out of more than a dozen fake eye doctor clinics and storefronts located throughout the state.A former Miami doctor and his associates are accused of stealing other physicians’ identities, illegally acquiring insurance information and billing $43 million in medical services that never took place.The suspects allegedly billed large insurance groups like United Healthcare and Florida Blue for eye treatments.Authorities say the 14 suspects filed more than 23,000 false claims for procedures never done from 2015 to 2018. The suspect and his associates are also accused of stea ling the identities of more than 20 different doctors.The suspect even boasted about it on social media, according to one news outlet.The scam set up “phantom” clinics in Fort Myers, Tampa, Lake Worth, Boca Raton and  Miami. The “clinics” were essentially places to drop off the insurance payments.The Florida Department of Financial Services announced that fraud scheme and the subsequent arrest of several individuals in February 2019. Authorities called the scam bust  â€œOperation Eye See You.”The investigation has led to felony charges of scheme to defraud, money laundering, insurance fraud, fraudulent use of identification, and racketeering against all suspects involved. They range in age from 27 to 61 years old.Now, the Department of Financial Services is still looking for the former doctor, the reported leader of the operation, along with his sister who allegedly helped in the scam. Twelve other people were also charged in February and are now in custody.It’s not the first time the former doctor has got into trouble with the law â€" he was previously indicted and served time in prison for health care fraud.At a February press conference, the chief financial officer of Florida said it wasn’t “a victimless crime,” since insurance fraud “drives up insurance costs for every Floridian.”“This organized crime scheme cost health insurance companies millions and stretched from Hillsborough to Miami Dade County,” she said. “Insurance fraud is a serious crime that forces higher premiums on all rate payers.”Florida CFO Jimmy Patronis said other Floridians helped catch the suspects by calling into consumer fraud hotlines and reporting potentially fraudulent activity on their insurance statements.For more information on  payday loans, scams, and  cash advances  and  check out our  city and state financial guides  including, Florida,  Jacksonville, Miami,  Tampa and more.Visit  OppLoans  on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

Bad Neighbor Policy Washingtons futile war on drugs in...

Book review: â€Å"Bad Neighbor Policy: Washington’s futile war on drugs in Latin America† Edited by Ted Galen Carpenter Overview Introductionnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;3 I Modest results after thirty years of warnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;4†¦show more content†¦Carpenter, who is Vice President for Defence and Foreign Policy studies at the Cato Institute in Washington, gives clearly his negative opinion on what is for him the drug war failure. This â€Å"war† has for purpose to protect the American population against the drug scourge; however this war is mainly set in Latin America. In fact the United States war on drugs began with the entry of Richard Nixon as President in the White house. The year 1968 is marked by the will to eradicate the narcotic problem in United States. Because the supply comes from Latin America, President Nixon decides to cut the supply, by intervening directly in Latin America whether than on the American territory. The problematic of the book seems to be: What are the consequences of the American war on drugs in Latin America? In fact the consequences on the United States territory are not shown, which should be, considering the conclusion, the purpose of the book. In this book review, we will in a first part discuss about the global results of this war. 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The Well by Elizabeth Jolley and Relationship of Hester...

The Well by Elizabeth Jolley and Relationship of Hester and Katherine Hester Harper is a lonely, single lady in The Well. It was her loneliness, lack of love and need for companionship that made her bring Katherine home. She did not have a life of her own. Katherine was an unloved child, who had already been rejected by people in her country until she luckily met with Hester. Katherine formed a close relationship with Hester, and soon realised that Hester was quite fond of her. Katherine fulfilled all her requirements, and Hester believed that it is the beginning of a secure and loving relationship. Hester spoiled Katherine and made her life incredibly comfortable; she did not want to ever let go of her. Katherine was†¦show more content†¦You are also reminded, that Katherine’s past and true identity are still not revealed. Katherine influenced Hester enormously in many ways, and always had complete control of every situation. Hester always treated Katherine with a loving generosity. She was a submissive and repressed character and the obvious isolation from the world resulted in her gripping to the friendship of the young, full spirited Katherine. Hester did not want to lose Katherine, this was due to her past experience where Hester faced the fact that Miss Herzfeld, the governess whom she loved and thought she possessed had belonged all the time to her father. By facing this she also knew that when the time came she would also lose Katherine. Hester did not want that to happen, so she always bought new things for Katherine, â€Å"†¦I like you to have pretty things, especially if they are of good quality†. She thought that by buying things for Katherine she could convince her to stay. Hester soon decided to sell the farm, she planned to live off her capital and travel to the hotels in Europe with Katherine. She was tired of looking after the farm, and only wanted what was best for the both of them. Things changed when Hester’s money disappeared, and appeared to have been stolen by a man called Jacob, who Hester

Truman s President Was Extremely Significant During The...

Harry S Truman President was extremely significant during the years 1945-1953 and after succeeding Roosevelt in 1945, faced a huge task in attempting to rebuild post war Europe. His impact on international relations was key as he bridged the gap between the end of WW2 and the beginning of the Cold War. Despite becoming aware of the Nuclear weapon at Potsdam, it was not until Truman announced that he was going to use it on the Japanese did the fight for balance of power intensify. The Berlin Airlift, The Truman Doctrine and The Marshall plan can all be seen as milestones as they placed America on a pedestal in terms of international relations, however the impact was not as great as the bombs. This would agree that Truman’s most significant was the decision to bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 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Free Trade Agreements And Their Economic Impact On Australia

Question: Discuss about the Free Trade Agreements And Their Economic Impact On Australia. Answer: Australias manufacturing and agricultural industries rely upon exports to generate revenues. Trade barriers reduce the amount of earning that the Australian industries can earn from international trade. According to De Benedictis, De Santis, and Vicarelli, C. (2005), as much as it is believed that the solution is to have in place multilateral trade, there still exist some barriers in respective countries which hinder seamless operation in the buying and selling of products. However, in recent years, there have been profound shift in the way multilateral trade occurs. Australia has been one of the countries which have taken part in this prudent business changes. Currently, Australia has in place six free trade agreements where the barriers to trade in these six countries have been scrapped off. The agricultural sector is the one which have greatly benefited from this trade agreements as china, japan and Korea are Australias biggest agricultural importers. There are major positive that Australia gets from having free trade partners. One of the impact is realization of tariff reduction. Most of the products in Australia have become cheaper that before due to the reduction in taxes. Free Trade Agreements aims at reducing any trade barriers including taxes to almost zero. For this reason, most of the imported products that find their way in Australia comes with an extremely cheaper price since the taxes inflicted on them is way too low. It should be noted that taxes on Free Trade Agreements do not exceed five percent. The implementation of Free Trade Agreements in Australia have made her realize simulated changes in prices as one of the economic impacts in Australia. The prices of goods and services are usually lower than those of which are outside Free Trade Agreements. This makes it hard for the exporters who are outside Free Trade Agreements since the competition standards have been set so high (Siddique and Sen, 2016). Case in point, the Australia-China Free Trade Agreement lead to a fall of the prices of imports of manufactured products from china (He, and Sappideen, 2013). Consequently, the cost of agricultural products that china important has fallen dramatically. These trade agreements have made Australians realize fall in prices of almost all manufactured products. For this reason, the more people in Australia are purchasing the manufactured product due to its cheap prices thus increasing the demand on imported products. Just like any other participants in the Free Trade Agreements, Australia is showing a profound shift regarding its increase in Gross Domestic product (Ranald, 2011). The smaller participant usually receive the greatest increase Gross Domestic product. For instance, the Gross Domestic product between china and Australia, it is Australia which benefits the most because china has a lot more to offer in its manufactured products than Australia has to offer in terms of agricultural products. This means that the economic performance of Australia increases per year due to the increase in the trade activities of exporting. Due to the numerous Free Trade Agreements, it is likely that the Gross Domestic product for Australia is will shoot up over the years. Consequently, for Australia to ensure that it maintains it increase in its Gross Domestic product, it should be open to more Free Trade Agreements. References De Benedictis, L., De Santis, R. Vicarelli, C. 2005, "Hub-and-Spoke or else? Free trade agreements in the 'enlarged' European Union",The European Journal of Comparative Economics,vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 245-258. He, L.L. Sappideen, R. 2013, "Free Trade Agreements and the US-China-Australia Relationship in the Asia-Pacific Region",Asia Pacific Law Review,vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 55-76. Siddique, M.A.B. Sen, R. 2016, "Australia-Thailand Trade: An Analysis Of Competitiveness And Effects Of The Bilateral FTA",The Journal of Developing Areas,vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 103-118. Ranald, P. 2011, "The Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement: Contradictions in Australia and in the Asia Pacific Region",The Economic and Labour Relations Review : ELRR,vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 81-98.

William Blake Nurses Songs Essay Example For Students

William Blake Nurses Songs Essay William Blake Nurses SongsT. S. Eliot once said of Blakes writings, ?The Songs of Innocence and the Songs of Experience are the poems of man with a profound interest in human emotions, and a profound knowledge of them.? (Grant 507) In these books of poetry and art, written and drawn by William Blake himself, are depictions of the poor, the colored, the underdog and the childs innocence and the mans experience. The focus of my paper will be on Blakes use of simple language, metaphors and drawings to show the two different states of the human spirit: innocence and experience. I hope to show this through two poems: the ?Nurses Song? of innocents and the ?NURSES Song? of experience. In the first poem, the poem representing innocence, the nurse is in the background image as a pretty, young woman, sitting and reading by a tree. Her mood is peaceful and at rest ?When the voices of children are heard on the green / And laughing is heard on the hill.? (Blake 23) The drawing and the poem also convey a sense of peace and trust. The children are na?ve and vulnerable to the pain, the sorrow, and the evils of the perverted world; yet their faith in the fact that they are protected by the nurse, like a lamb by his shepherd, is clear from their play. The nurse herself trusts that the children are safe from perversions because of their voices and laughter. The picture shows this trust of the children through their carefree play, holding hands and dancing in a ring. We will write a custom essay on William Blake Nurses Songs specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In the next stanza, the nurse seems to step into her knowledge of experience: Then come home my children, the sun is gone down And the dews of night ariseCome Come Leave off play, and let us away Till the morning appears in the skies. (ll. 5-8)She asks them to come in, so as to protect them from the dangers, or maybe just from exposure, to the night and its dampness. Her concern for what the darkness brings can only mean she has experienced the night before. The very minute this stanza begins, a weeping willow tree appears on the right side of the lines. It does not go away until the drama is over and the children get to stay out and continue their play. Just as quickly as the nurse expresses her concern, the children in their innocence express their desire to play more. The children, with their wise innocence, proclaim it is still light out; and not only do they know it, but the sheep still grazing and the birds still flying know it too. With this, the nurse gives in to them, and th e children are victorious. By her giving in to them, she shows love and understanding for their knowledge of what is around them. In so doing, she shows that innocence obtains knowledge just as well as an experienced adult. Therefore, would it not be safe to assume that without the corruption of certain experiences the soul can still be knowledgeable and wise?As the poem ends, the echo of laughter and shouting again rules the hills. By returning to the echoing laughter of children, Blake returns the reader to the innocence felt in the beginning. In addition, by using the word ?echoed? to describe how the childrens play reverberates throughout the hills, he gives the childrens innocence eternity. The innocence and joy these children possess are mirrored in ?Infant Joy.? ?Infant Joy? is about a baby who is just two days old. There is a short dialogue between the baby and the babys mother: ?I happy am/ Joy is my name, /Sweet joy befall thee!? (ll. 3-5), which describes the simplest for m of innocence and joy Blake could ever portray. The poem continues with the sweetness and innocence that a baby represents. The nurse of experience reacts quite differently to the children in their play and the baby of joy. In this poem, a healthy, middle aged nurse brushes a boys hair. A little girl sits down behind the boy. The illustration shows no sign of carefree play and gives off the impression that these children are repressed. Surrounding the picture is a wreath of vines, which the book defines as the symbol of pleasures the boy will find in his life, pleasures that the boy will find regardless of the repression of experienced others. Sexuality is the victim of repression, and the nurse in this case is the offender. Blake thinks of sexuality as an innocent thing, as opposed to the people in the society, whom thinks of it as shameful. I am sure Blake is partial to the nurse of innocence. .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .postImageUrl , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:hover , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:visited , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:active { border:0!important; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:active , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: tragmac Free: Tragic Irony in Shakespeare's EssayIn the poem of experience, the reader is faced with the immediate change of the title. The first ?Nurses Song? has the voice of children as well the nurses and a narrator. The title suggests a happy song with the interaction of the outside world and the inside of her mind. The second ?NURSES Song? has only the voice of the nurse. It suggests that the nurses mind and her perceptions would be the only topic of the poem. The first line is the same as the first line in the Nurses Song of innocence. By using the same beginning line, Blake brings the reader back to the mood of carefree innocence. With the recollection of the first poem in the first line, the second line starts to corrupt the mood with ?whisperings in the dale.? The whisperings suggest the children are older and more experienced, aware of sex, that is. With adolescence, there is a sense of recklessness and innocence in life. It does not matter who hears them because what they say is absent of corruption or experience. However, as they mature and become young adults, ?the youth,? they become more prudent and reserved with their words, as if they have something to hide or be ashamed of, as they become aware of their sexuality. This is exactly what the nurse perceives from the whisperings. She juxtaposes these whisperings with her own experiences as a youth. Due to her reflections, her face ?turns green and pale.? The book refers to the ?green and pale? as a traditional color of the ?sex-starved spinster,? a great description of a person ?sick with longings for experience she will never have.? It seems clear to me she is jealous of the innocence and pleasures these children possess. Her next step, whether jealous or protective of the childrens youth and innocence, is to call them home:Then come home my children, the sun is gone downAnd the dews of night ariseYour spring your day, are wasted in playAnd your winter and night in disguise. (ll. 5-8)In this stanza, the nurse does not mention the morning appearing again to play in. This is a powerful statement in my opinion. If there is no mention of a new morning, we are left to forget there ever will be a new morning. By leaving this out, she refers to the loss of her innocence. Innocence that will not return to her as a morning would return to the sky. She projects onto the children her tainted thoughts and draws the children into them. Not only does the nurse take away innocence by not mentioning morning, but she also turns the spring, or the introduction to sexuality, into an unnecessary, squandered episode of in time. This takes away from the innocent discovery of sexuali ty and turns it into a shameful, wasted experience. In the end, she closes her demand to ?come home? with ?And your winter and night in disguise.? There are not enough words to express the sadness in this line. The winter, which is a whole season, represents eternal sadness. The night, which is the end of light, represents death and experience. The night also symbolizes the narrowing of her mind, the dimming of her light. Finally, disguise, which conceals ones identity, represents shame and distrust. The three words together create a disheartening miserable end. How disconcerting a thought that most of the people we meet in our lives we may never truly know because they have had a similar experience to the nurses. Even more disconcerting is the fact that we project these experiences onto the children; and consequently, the joy and fun of innocence is cut short, as the nurse does to the children in the poem. The second ?NURSES Song? is similar to that of the second version of ?Infant Joy?. Right away, the reader can see a change in the title, noting the similarity to that of the ?NURSES Song.? The first of the infant poems is ?Infant Joy?; the second is ?Infant Sorrow.? The change of the title indicates the corruption of experience, as did the change of the title in ?Nurse Song?. It continues the notion that the child is older, therefore capable of experiencing the dangers of the world:My mother groand! my father wept. .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 , .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 .postImageUrl , .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 , .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008:hover , .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008:visited , .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008:active { border:0!important; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008:active , .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008 .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7beb830718615b76370c4cc4a9dbb008:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sportsmanship EssayInto the dangerous world I leapt:Helpless, naked, piping aloud: (ll. 1-3)The differences between the experiences in both poems are the people who have the experience and the times in which they experience it. In ?Infant Sorrow? the child is going through the experiences as opposed to the nurse, who has already experienced the pains of sexuality. Although the times are different, the nurse and the youth both have a negative experience. Blake focuses on the view the sexual experience is negative. He did not believe that sexuality and experience were negative things, in themselves. Rather he wrote the poems in experience to mirror the negative perceptions w e often apply to sexuality. The poems of the Songs of Innocence celebrate trust and innocence. They also celebrate the wisdom of the innocent through the children and their argument to continue to play. But as we see from the child of experience in ?Infant Sorrow,? innocence is not immune to the suffering of the world. The poems in the Songs of Innocence are truly that of innocence, leaving one to perceive only goodness. The Songs of Experience, on the other hand, are full of negative perceptions drawn from experience. These poems give a true sense of loss, not only of innocence, but of also ones sense of trust and honesty, leaving the person to withdraw from society. The Songs of Experience left me with the knowledge of despair. This knowledge given to all other readers, including me, by Blake are the equivalent of the commandments, to compare to the Bible. They are a set of stories that I can relate to and perhaps model after, or at least learn from them. I truly enjoyed reading William Blakes Songs of Innoce nce and of Experience. The poems were easy for me to follow and I can relate to them. These poems, as I am sure was Blakes intentions, have opened my eyes to a few experiences I would not want to go through. Now that I have experienced through the eyes of the characters in the poems, I will work on not doing or going through the same things they did. With that, I think Blake would be pleased at the affects of his work. Poetry Essays

US ELECTION essays

US ELECTION essays The rules of US Constitution specifies that a president must be elected every four years. Candidates must be at least 35 years old and a US citizen born in the USA. American politicians say the way they elect their president is one of the most open and democratic processes in the world. But to outsiders it can also be one of the most baffling. The election race in some countries takes just a few weeks, but US presidential candidates undergo a political marathon, negotiating primaries, party conventions and an electoral college system along the way. The primary is the first step in choosing a partys presidential candidate. In most countries, the party picks the candidates. But in US, voters who declare support for one party or another get to choose from the list of candidates. The candidates, campaigning against other members of the same party, must win enough state primaries to give them a majority of delegates at the party convention in the summer. Some states, such as lowa, use a caucus system rather than primaries to choose their delegates. Whereas in primaries people simply indicate at the ballot box which delegates they support, caucuses (the word derives from an Indian word for a gathering) are more complex and work by selecting delegates through a number of stages. By the stage of the convention, the party normally knows who has won. The delegates from each state formally choose their champion to go forward as presidential candidate. The winning candidate also names a vice-presidential running mate. Policies are refined during the campaign. And there is heavy spending on nationwide television publicity, and there are usually televised debates between the candidates. In the final weeks, the contenders typically concentrate their attention on the big so-called swing states as they battle it out for the critical electoral college votes. The election takes place on the first Tuesday in November and t...

A motivation letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A motivation letter - Essay Example n HR-related employee files reflecting salary aberrations, preparing tax returns and training new employees, giving me an appreciation for the complexities of human involvement. One of my primary goals is to work with clients to share problems and discover solutions. Auditing is a fascinating field that I could contribute to with my knowledge of common small-mid-sized business practices. I have a great deal of experience in the accounting field and also bring a strong basis of proficiency in computing systems. After working for a year as a computer engineer, it was a pleasure to develop unique accounting software for one firm and to maintain the existing accounting software for another firm for the past five years. As a computer engineer, I gained knowledge in a variety of application software, computer networking and teamwork skills. I am eager to discover new insights into the auditing field and perhaps discern new ways in which I might contribute. It is my hope that you are willing to accept me as a ready pupil and worker in Your Firm. Should you desire further information or to schedule an interview, I can be reached at Your Contact Information. My current schedule is open from 7 a.m. – 7 p.m. Monday through Friday (timezone) for phone calls. I can travel for interviews beginning next week Tuesday. With more than 5 years in the accounting departments of small and medium sized construction firms in Japan, my experience includes performing bank reconciliations, cash flow analysis and preparing financial statements and I am currently completing my training for a Master’s Degree in Accounting. Duties of my previous positions have also included performing payroll and monthly closing processes; ensuring tax, legal and company compliance with payroll issues; preparing tax returns and training new employees. This experience has taught me much about how business is conducted in Japan, but I have a desire to discover more about how these issues are dealt with

Yoko Ono Behind the Controversies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Yoko Ono Behind the Controversies - Essay Example The essay "Yoko Ono Behind the Controversies" explores art and activities of Yoko Ono. She is a celebrated image but she is also one of the most hated personalities because of her relationship with the famous Beatle singer, John Lennon. Yoko Ono was born in Japan to Eisuke and Isoko, a wealthy couple who owned banks in the country. Known to have given up his love for music, Ono’s father encouraged her and hoped that she will become the performer he always wanted to be. Eventually, Ono grew up to become not only as a musician but a visual artist as well. Critiques say she is a fake because she does not really have artistic elements in her work. Rather, her works are often abstract and whitish. Still, she had quite a quiet but successful career earlier in her life. Her artworks are said to have succeeded due to the influence and help of her second husband, Anthony Cox, a musician with whom she had a daughter. However, their relationship did not do so well and it ended in separat ion which eventually separated Ono with her daughter as well. On her own, Yoko Ono portayed herself as a radical artist with her presentation â€Å"Cut Piece† in Japan and Carnegie Hall in New York, respectively. She claims she did this in her anger to what was happening around the world and she acted on her beliefs about piece through her expression of art, the â€Å"Cut Piece†. This is the reason why she is also known to be an advocate of world peace. Most of her artworks directly speak to her audiences about being at peace with each other.

The Crucible language essay Essay Example for Free

The Crucible language essay Essay The Crucible by Arthur Miller fits into the genre of a Realism. Its time period is set in the late 1600s. Thus the language used in the script is archaic and realistic for the time period it is set. The images that The Crucible creates in the minds of the audience (although infrequent) are enlarged and exaggerated; Danforth declares he would hang ten thousand that dared to rise against the law and an ocean of salt tears could not melt the resolution of the statutes John Proctor describes his farm as a continent and his wifes behaviour as an everlasting funeral. This enhances the imagery in the minds of an audience. The play is of a naturalistic theme, but in the language Miller can be surreal. In order to make the audience aware of what is happening elsewhere than the scene (within naturalistic conversation) the characters discuss the events that are going on in the town, this is known as Reported action for example Abigail says to Paris Uncle the rumour of witchcraft is all about this is a form of narrative for the audience who cannot leave the present scene on stage. Miller used the actual court records from the witchcraft trials to influence his wording in the script. He studied these in great detail and attempted to use accurate dialect from this time period. However Miller admits that without planning to, he elaborated a few of the grammatical forms, particularly the double negatives. Another influential source for the use of language in The Crucible, which Miller referred too is the king James (authorised) version of the bible. When Proctors wife, Elizabeth, describes to him the effect Abigail has on the court room, imagery is used from the Old Testament of the bible saying and where she walks the crowd will part like the sea for Israel. The fact that everyone inside the play uses the same archaic speech, for example all the men are referred to as mister and the women goody short for goody wife, distances a twenty first century people; it gives the feeling of a diverse society from our own. Even though they are in America the characters do not speak with an American accent as they are still fairly early settlers in the country and sound British. In the script there are distinctive speech patterns enforced by Miller. The servants/slaves in the play use bad grammar for they are low status and uneducated for example Mercy, Proctors servant, says to him I best be off. I have my Ruth to watch. In contrast to Paris the town pastor who has high status, he uses proper wording e. g. you compromise my very character. I have put clothes upon your back and Proctor who is a farmer uses rough language like Ill show you a great doing on your arse one of these days. and uses abbreviations for instance Ah, youre wicked yet, arent y! by this language you can tell hes a bit of a farmer. Various colloquial phrases no longer used like there be no blush about my name and I say shut it both said by Abigail who is an orphan living with her Uncle, Paris. The Proctors farm is big and further away from the town and when he describes it as a continent that indicates to the audience its size and setting. There is not a lot of imagery in The Crucible and this is because it is a naturalistic play and in real life people dont usually go around trying to create imagery in their speech. Although, Miller does use repetition recurrently, particularly the words witchcraft, God and pretence which are the main themes of the play. These words play on the subconscious minds of the audience. God is dead is a widely-quoted and sometimes a misconstrued statement by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. It is found in some of Nietzsches classic work. God is dead is not meant literally, as in God is now physically dead; rather, it is Nietzsches way of saying that the idea of God is no longer capable of acting as a source of any moral code or teleology. Proctor speaks this statement in the last act of the play when he is bound in prison, he is completely battered by his fellow Salemers and he cant believe what cruelty human beings are capable of. Miller makes Proctor say this because that is what he himself is thinking along with a lot of other people at that time of McCarthyism. In the beginning scene of Act two involving Proctor and Elizabeth there is significant language used. To begin with their language is not the same as a modern audiences, their grammar is different; I were planting far out to the forest edge this makes it harder for the audience to relate to the characters. We are reminded of their religion when Proctor says they should pray now for a fair summer. The couple use simple, short sentences when talking to one another, which show conflict Are you well today? I am . it is a rabbit this conveys the tension between them. Proctor uses ominous metaphors in his speech for example Lilac is the smell of nightfall and Its warm as blood beneath the clods. This hints at the blood shed to come. When Proctor rebukes his wife for letting their servant go to Salem he repeats again that it was a fault this enforces his point of authority. Proctor compares their servant to a mouse making Elizabeth, who seemingly cant stand up to her, look even more pathetic. The word God keeps being repeated throughout the scene making an audience think of sin, religion and punishment. More biblical references are made when Goody Proctor states that where she walks the crowd will part like the sea for Israel. Meaning Abigail who apparently has much power at the court, which the audience has found out about through the couples reported action in their conversation. Proctor: Oh, it is a black mischief. Again with the ominous wording. Proctor tells Elizabeth he will think on it referring to testifying in court about Abigail, Elizabeth repeats this statement let you think on it her repeating this is mocking and disrespectful to John. Proctor retorts calling her Women which is equally demeaning which is what Miller was aiming for. When in argument with his wife proctor talks formally compared to how he spoke before I have good reason to think before I charge fraud on Abigail this is unfriendly, in comparison to how he spoke to Abigail his former lover, and similar to a parent using their childs full name when reprimanding them. An everlasting funeral marches round your heart Proctor tells Elizabeth, this again is ominous and he is foreseeing his own death at the end of the play. Proctor compares his wife to a court judge. Imagery for the audience when he says her justice would freeze beer! Miller uses a rich variety of language techniques in the play/script of The Crucible, which communicate narrative, form and content to the observer, which have just been described previously, above.

The difference between Classical music and classical music? :: essays research papers

In this essay I am going to look at the differences between Classical music and classical music. There are many differences between the two, one is an era and the other is a type of music. Classical is an era, it is from about 1730 to just after 1800. There are 5 different periods in time (for music), Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, Romantic and Modern (20th Century). At this moment in time, we are still in the Modern period of time even though we are in the 21st, not 20th century. A few people who contributed to the music in the Classical era are: Ludwig van Beethoven, Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The period that came before the Classical period, the Baroque, was a time of ornamentation and cluttered sounds. The Classical period focused on the opposite types of sounds- music during that period was orderly, uncluttered, well planned and precise. Music was expected to be technically pleasing and grounded in certain traditions and styles that had been "approved" by the public, often quite formal. Composers were seen as workers who were hired to write music that would please their employer. Vienna, Austria was the center of musical activity during the Classical period. Composers traveled from near and far to study with music teachers in Vienna. Vienna was such a hot spot for musicians that a style was even named for much of the music composed during the time: the "Viennese Style." The size of the symphony orchestra was growing, allowing composers to create more complicated pieces calling for new instruments that made unique sounds unheard before this time. Opera remained very popular, as did symphonies (large works with several sections composed for entire orchestras to play), concertos and sonatas (pieces featuring one instrument). Classical music (with a lower case ?c?) is completely different from Classical music (with a capital ?c?), classical music is music that is quite formal, and usually played by an orchestra that has lots of string instruments.

How Does Charles Dickens Create Sympathy In Great Expectations? Essay

Dickens uses many ways to create sympathy for his characters in great expectations this is very useful in a successful novel as it will help to sell and not only that more people will want to buy it. Charles Dickens uses many ways to achieve sympathy for his characters such as the use of vivid descriptions with powerful adjectives, the setting is also used very well to great effect as it is a great way to create sympathy â€Å"The small bundle of shivers growing afraid of it all and beginning to cry was Pip† this is just one way that Dickens uses to create sympathy for his characters in Great Expectations. Dickens also uses many other ways to create sympathy for his characters such as the use of adjectives. The adjective ‘overgrown’ shows an unloved place of which no one cares how it looks, also it could be full of weeds and plants this adds to the impression created by the mind. Dickens also uses the setting to enhance the feeling of sympathy ‘bleak place overgrown with nettles was the church yard’ in this the adjective ‘bleak’ gives on impression of an exposed barren also cold and damp place. The whole sentence creates an impression of a dismal place. This enhances the sense of sympathy. For his characters I am going to focus on three main characters theses are; Pip, Magwitch and Miss Havisham. I am going to use some character of less importance these are; Estella, Joe and Pip’s sister. In addition, I am going to use two main texts and these are; pip in the churchyard and the meeting of Miss Havisham also, I am going to add elements of the novel I think there are other points that creates sympathy for pip than these two texts. When we first meet Pip, he is sitting in an isolated village churchyard staring at his parents’ tombstones. The village churchyard is described as a â€Å"†¦ Bleak place overgrown with nettles† giving the setting an image of dismal place unloved and uncared for. The adjective â€Å"bleak† aids the description as it means bare or desolated and also it often means wind swept this helps aid the description of the church yard as this describe it well because a church yard is often very sombre or a very upsetting place . Pip was in the churchyard where his parents were buried, along with his five brothers instantly we feel sorry for him as he has no living relatives except for his older sister . â€Å"†¦ Five little stone lozenges each about a foot and a half long† from this we know his brothers have died and have been buried in a row. Pip’s brothers would have most probably have died or stop trying to earn a living. Pips younger brothers would not have gone to school, as there was no education for those who could not afford it. At this time, many people were poor and could not afford it. Additionally, there was no NHS service but also there was some medical service but you would have to be rich enough to afford it. From the text we know both his parents had died by;† I never saw my father or mother† this gives us a sense of sympathy and loneliness also â€Å"†¦ I never saw any likeliness of them†. Pip never saw his parents or what they look like later on in the text we realise that the only impression of his parents are derived from there grave stones and more so from the lettering . Pip probably saw no reference to what his parent looked like as at this time there were no camera’s to take a photo of the times they spent together as this is why he saw no likeness of them also his parents probably died because the were mo medicine or you had to be rich to get some. Also later on in the novel his only living relative beats pip up.

11 Taboos in Chinese Culture

Every culture has its own taboos, and it is important to remain aware of them when traveling or encountering another culture to ensure you dont commit a social faux-pas. In Chinese culture, some of the most common taboos involve gift-giving, birthdays, and weddings. Numbers According to Chinese tradition, good things come in pairs. Therefore odd numbers are avoided for birthday celebrations and weddings. To avoid bad things happening in pairs, activities such as burials and gift-giving are not performed on even-numbered days. In Chinese, the  number four (å››, sà ¬) sounds like the word for death (æ ­ », sÇ ). For this reason, the number four is avoided—particularly on phone numbers, license plates, and addresses. For addresses that do contain fours, the rent is usually less and apartments on the fourth floor are typically rented by foreigners. Work Shopkeepers may opt not to read a book at work because book (æ› ¸, shÃ… «) sounds like lose (è ¼ ¸, shÃ… «). Shopkeepers who read may be afraid their businesses will suffer losses. When it comes to sweeping, shopkeepers are careful not to sweep toward the door, especially during the Chinese New Year, in case good fortune is swept out into the street. When eating a meal, never turn over fish when you are with a fisherman as the motion symbolizes a boat capsizing. Also, never offer a friend an umbrella because the word umbrella (傘, sÇŽn) sounds similar to æ• £ (sà  n, to break up) and the act is a sign that you will never see each other again. Food Young children should not eat chicken feet as it is believed that doing so will prevent them from writing well when they start school. They may also become prone to fighting like roosters. Leaving food on one’s plate—particularly grains of rice—is believed to result in marriage to a spouse with many pockmarks on his or her face. Not finishing a meal is also believed to incur the wrath of the thunder god. Another Chinese taboo relating to food is that chopsticks should not be left standing straight up in a bowl of rice. This act is said to bring bad luck to restaurant owners as chopsticks stuck in rice look similar to incense placed in urns. Gift-Giving Since good things are believed to come in pairs, gifts given in pairs (except sets of four) are best. When preparing the gift, do not wrap it in white as that color represents sorrow and poverty. Certain gifts are also seen as inauspicious. For example, never give a clock, watch, or pocket watch as a gift because to send a clock (é€ Ã© Ëœ,  sà ²ng zhÃ… ng) sounds like the funeral ritual (é€ Ã§ µâ€š,  sà ²ng zhÃ… ng). According to Chinese taboo, clocks symbolize that time is running out. There are many other such ominous  Chinese gifts to avoid. If you give an unlucky gift by accident, the receiver can make it right by giving you a coin which changes the gift to an item they have symbolically purchased. Holidays It is a Chinese taboo to share stories about death and dying and ghost stories during special occasions and holidays. Doing so is considered extremely unlucky. Chinese New Year There are many Chinese New Year taboos  to be wary of. On the first day of the Chinese New Year, inauspicious words cannot be spoken. For example, words such as break, spoil, die, gone, and poor should not be uttered. During the Chinese New Year, nothing should be broken. When eating fish, diners must be careful to not break any of the bones, and be extra careful not to break any plates. Also, nothing should be cut during Chinese New Year as that signifies one’s life could be cut short. Noodles should not be cut and haircuts should be avoided. In general, sharp objects like scissors and knives are avoided during Chinese New Year. All windows and doors in the home should be open on New Year’s Eve to send out the old year and welcome the New Year. All debts should be paid by Chinese New Year and nothing should be lent on New Year’s Day. When preparing paper dragons for the Chinese New Year, it is taboo for women who are menstruating, people in mourning, and babies to be near the dragons when the cloth is being pasted to the dragon’s body. Birthdays One long noodle is typically slurped on one’s birthday. But revelers beware—the noodle should not be bitten or cut as this is believed to shorten one’s life. Weddings In the three months leading up to a couple’s wedding, they should avoid going to a funeral or wake or visiting a woman who has just had a baby. If one of the couple’s parents passes away before the wedding, the wedding must be postponed for 100 days, as attending happy celebrations during mourning is considered disrespectful to the dead. If a roasted pig is given as part of the bride’s gift to the groom’s family, the tail and ears should not be broken. Doing so would mean the bride is not a virgin. Fifth Lunar Month The fifth lunar month is considered an unlucky month. It is a Chinese taboo to dry blankets in the sun and build houses during this time. Hungry Ghost Festival The Hungry Ghost Festival is held during the seventh lunar month. In order to avoid seeing ghosts, people should not go outside at night. Celebrations such as weddings are not held, fishermen do not launch new boats, and many people opt to postpone their trips during the Hungry Ghost Month. The souls of those who die by drowning are considered to be in the greatest turmoil, so some people refuse to go swimming during this time to lessen the chance of a run-in with wayward ghosts.